University of Maryland • Safety Fact Sheet • Department of Environmental Safety

Ergonomics

Introduction

Ergonomics is a multi-disciplinary science which emphasizes the importance of designing workstations (i.e. office furniture or industrial work areas and equipment) to fit the individual worker. The objective is to "design out" as many ergonomic hazards as possible in an effort to reduce cumulative trauma disorders.

Applicable Regulations

Regulations specific to ergonomics do not currently exist. OSHA's approach to address ergonomic related injuries occurring in America's workplaces is covered under the General Duty Clause.

Summary of Requirements

The General Duty Clause describes the employer's obligation to "furnish to each of his employees employment and a place of employment which are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to his employees." This clause from the OSH Act is utilized to cite serious hazards where no specific OSHA standard exists to address the hazard, as is the case with ergonomic stressors.

When OSHA uses the General Duty Clause to cite an employer, OSHA must demonstrate that: the employer failed to keep the workplace free of a hazard to which employees were exposed, the hazard was causing or likely to cause death or serious physical harm, the hazard was recognized, and a feasible means of abatement for that hazard exists.

OSHA has a four-pronged comprehensive approach to ergonomics designed to quickly and effectively address musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in the workplace. The four segments of OSHA's strategy for reducing injuries and illnesses from MSDs in the workplace are: Guidelines (develop task-specific), enforcement under (General Duty Clause), outreach and assistance and National Advisory Committee (identify gaps in research to the application of ergonomics and ergonomic principles in the workplace). For more information go to: OSHA web site

Written Program

Written program required

University Resources

Department of Environmental Safety 301-405-3960
DES Fax No. 301-314-9294
DES Web Site: http://www.des.umd.edu
University Health Center (Occupational Health) 301-314-8172

Written 5/98
Reviewed 5/05

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